RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY

PACS numbers: 95.55.Jz, 95.30.-k, 95.55.-n

Purpose: overview of the main results of half a century activities of Ukraine (with emphasis on the last decade) in the field of decameter radio astronomy, presenting a number of astrophysical discoveries in the study of the Solar system, Galaxy and Metagalaxy, demonstration of favorable prospects for the Ukrainian and world-wide low-frequency radio astronomy.

Design/methodology/approach: The world-largest Ukrainian decameter wavelength radio telescopes UTR-2, URAN, GURT in comprehensive studies of various astrophysical objects in the Universe, as well as special techniques of radio astronomy observations, providing high sensitivity, resolution, dynamic range, noise immunity and research efficiency were applied.

Findings: Extensive search efforts and long-term monitoring studies of low-frequency radio emission were made with the best parameters of the experiments for the Sun, planets, solar wind, interstellar medium, galactic background and of extended objects, pulsars, transients, radio galaxies, and quasars. New objects and phenomena in the Universe were opened, in particular, the regions of the cold interstellar medium with ionized carbon, and the corresponding spectral lines of recordly high excited atoms at levels more than 1000, found 40 earlier unknown at low frequencies pulsars, electrostatic discharges in theatmosphere of Saturn, ultra-slim space-frequency-temporal structures of continuous, pulsed and sporadic radio emission of objects in the Solar system, Galaxy and Metagalaxy.

Conclusions: The main achievements of the national radio astronomy at decameter and meter wavelengths are shown. The world’s largest radio telescopes UTR-2, URAN-1...URAN-4, GURT are created, upgraded, and implemented in ground monitoring, which made many astrophysical discoveries recognized by the world scientific community. Ukrainian radio telescopes are indispensable, fully popular and included in the ground and ground-space radio astronomy network and widely used in international studies. There are favourable prospects for further development of Ukrainian and international low-frequency radio astronomy – one of the most important areas of modern astronomical science.

Key words: low frequency radio astronomy, decameter and meter bands of radio waves, radio telescope, Solar System, Galaxy, Metagalaxy

Manuscript submitted 16.11.2017

Radio phys. radio astron. 2018, 23(1): 3-23

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