Procedure and Peculiarities of Profile Optimization of Compact Dielectric Lenses for Integrated mm-Wave Antennas

Abstract

The possibility for increasing the directivity factor and reducing the size of the integrated lens antennas by optimization of a lens shape is studied. The diffraction problem is solved numerically in a two-dimensional formulation using the Muller-type boundary integral equations methods together with the Galerkin trigonometric descritization scheme and the method of analytical regularization. The optimization algorithm is constructed using the genetic algorithm principle. The algorithm developed guarantees convergence and controlled accuracy for an arbitrary set of lens parameters as well as fast search for the cost function global extremum. The numerical results are shown for a rexolite lens fed by an Е- and Н-polarized point sources.