RADIO PHYSICS AND RADIO ASTRONOMY

Subject and Purpose. Accuracy of the material recognition using radio wave methods in the ultra-high frequency band for substanc- es with dielectric properties is the present paper concern. To estimate a total error arising in material measurements by the radio wave method and determine constituents of the error is the aim of the work.

Methods and Methodology. The material recognition accuracy is estimated by the method of statistical analysis in terms of average statistical deviation and dispersion.

Results. Advantages and disadvantages of the waveguide method in which a test material sample is placed inside a metal waveguide have been traced, suggesting an obvious drawback that the material recognition process of the sort is difficult to be automated. In the remote inspection procedure, the test material is in free space (e.g. on a conveyor) where it is illuminated with a microwave transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna is located on the other side of the test sample and transfers the received signal to the apparatus for determining material parameters. There, the attenuation coefficient is measured as the electromagnetic wave passes through the sample. The measurement results show a correlation dependence of the wave attenuation coefficient on the quality of the substance, enabling us to use frequency dependences of the material to reveal its unknown quality. The remote method makes it possible to automate the recognition of materials with dielectric properties. For these methods mentioned right above, random error values arising during the material recognition were estimated by the method of statistical analysis.

Conclusions. The analysis of errors in the material recognition shows that the total error ranges from 7.28 to 12.74% with corresponding constituent errors including faults of today’s microwave measuring devices, inappropriate application of the method or unsuitable type of the structural model of the parameter determination, and errors in data calculations.

Keywords: material recognition accuracy, statistical analysis of errors, radio wave method, electromagnetic wave, wave reflection from and attenuation in a material

Manuscript submitted 21.09.2022

Radio phys. radio astron. 2023, 28(3): 234-242

REFERENCES

    1. Brandt, A.A., 1964. Research of dielectrics at microwave frequency. Moscow, USSR: Fizmatizd Publ. (in Russian).
    2. Harvey, A.F., 1965. Microwave technology. Transl. from English by V.I. Sushkevich. Vol. 1. Moscow, USSR: Sov. Radio Publ. (in Russian).
    3. Krichevsky,  E.S.,  Volchenko,  A.G.,  Galushkin,  S.S.,  1987.  Moisture  control  of  solid  and  bulk  materials.  Moscow,  USSR: Energoatomizdat. Publ. (in Russian).
    4. Viktorov, V.A., Lunkin, B.V., Sovlukov, A.S., 1989. Radio wave measurements of technological process parameters. Moscow, USSR: Energoatomizdat. Publ. (in Russian).
    5. Vichkan᾽, A.V., Melyanovsky P.A., 2002. Measurement of Complex Dielectric Permittivity of Water Solutions in High-Frequency Band. In: V.M. Yakovenko, ed. 2002. Radiofizika i elektronika. Kharkov: IRE NAS of Ukraine Publ. 7(1), pp. 154—157 (in Russian).
    6. Ovsyanikov, V.V., 1998. Measurements of the complex permittivity by the waveguide and resonant cavity methods. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Actual Problems of Measuring Technique. Kyiv, Ukraine, 7—10 Sept. 1998.
    7. Ovsyanikov, V.V., Bukharov, S.V., Ovsyanikov, Vol.V., 2004. Method of express control of quality characteristics of substances in microwave range. Ukraine. Pat. 71301 (in Ukrainian).
    8. Kuznetsov, G.V., Vypanasenko, S.I., Ovsianikov, V.V., Vovk, S.M., Gusiev O.Yu., Ovsiannikov, Vol.V., Fesak, H.I., Martynenko, S.V., 2010. Method for automated control of qualitative characteristics of substances in micro-wave range and device for its realization. Ukraine. Pat. 90540 (in Ukrainian).
    9. Ovsyanikov, Vol.B., 2010. Express-control of the brightness of the wool by the radiometric method. Bull. NTUU "KPI". Ser. "Radio Engineering. Radio Instrument Making", 43, pp. 24—32 (in Ukrainian).
    10. Bukharov, S.V., Ovsyanikov, Vl.V., 2011. Diagnostics of quality parameters of coal and liquid oil products by electromagnetic methods. Bull. NTUU "KPI". Ser. "Radio Engineering. Radio Instrument Making", 45, pp. 120—129 (in Russian).
    11. Ovsyanikov, V.V., 2002. Statistical analysis of internal parameters of radiating systems. In: Proc. of 9th Int. Conf. on Math. Methods in Electromagn. Theory. Kyiv, Ukraine, 10—13 Sept. 2002.
    12. Ovsyannikov, V.V., Gorobets, M.M., Beznosova, O.R., 2020. Quality control of substances by electromagnetic sensing in a waveguide. Visnyk of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Ser. "Radiophysics and Electronics", 32, pp. 61—70 (in Ukrainian).
    13. Ovsyannikov, V.V., Beznosova, O.R., 2022. Determination of the ability to determine the quality of speech by a remote radio- frequency method on the butt of a wake-up cell. Radio phys. radio astron., 22(2), pp. 65—72 (in Russian).
    14. Gorobets, N.N., Ovsyannikova, E.E., 2015. Wave processes in the searchlight beam of aperture antennas. Appl. Radioelectron.,
14(1), pp. 51—58 (in Russian).
    15. Shifrin, Ya.S., 1970. Questions of the Statistical Theory of Antennas. Moscow, USSR: Sov. Radio Publ. (in Russian).
    16. Sypchuk, P.P., Talalay, A.M., 1979. Methods of statistical analysis in quality control of manufacturing elements of REA. Moscow, USSR: Sov. Radio Publ. (in Russian).
    17. Shifrin, Ya.S., 1997. The Statistical Theory of Antennas. In: Handbook on Antenna. Moscow: Radiotekhnika Publ., 1, pp. 148—205 (in Russian).