Sporadic Radiation of Radio Astronomy Sources and its Study at Decameter Wavelengths

Abstract

Sporadic (transient) radiation, being bursts and pulses with typical duration from hours to seconds or less, indicate the presence of compact sources or regions where explosive or dynamic events occur. Thus, the transient radio emission allows studying the internal structure and nature of various objects, including the fundamental astrophysical aspects, while the effects of scattering and Faraday rotation of the polarization plane the properties of the medium in which the radio emission is distributed. The world-largest UTR-2 decameter wavelength radio telescope, equipped with the state-of-the-art receiving and recording equipment, allows investigating the pulsed and transient emissions for a wide range of galactic and extragalactic sources. Substantial advantages of the UTR-2 are its high sensitivity and broadbandness (up to two octaves) that allows investigating the spectral characteristics within the decameter wavelengths. Analysis of the characteristic features of radio emission of known and prospective classes of sources (including different types of stars, extrasolar planets, solar system sporadic radiation) is necessary in preparation for the full survey of the northern sky to search for pulsars and transient sources at decameter wavelenghts. It is essentially important to define the limitations of existing means of observations in order to formulate the goals and lines of development of the next-generation radio telescopes such as LOFAR and Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope (GURT).